MUNDURUCU
The Ryukyu Islands form a chain southwest of mainland Japan, with distinct island cultures and the history of the former Ryukyu Kingdom. European accounts also called them Liukiu or Loo-Choo.
Women's hand tattoos, known as hajichi, were among their most striking traditions. Circles, triangles and diamonds decorated fingers, hands and wrists. Patterns differed between islands and could grow as a girl reached adulthood or married.
The designs could express beauty, protection and belonging. Some beliefs connected them with life after death: the markings would remain with a woman when other possessions could not. Their position on the hands made them part of daily work and movement.
Japanese authorities banned hajichi in 1899, contributing to its decline. More recent tattooists have explored its revival. Hairpins, woven clothing and jewellery show other sides of an island world whose appearance was shaped by local craft and overseas connections.